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The Tragic Life of Mary Queen of Scots

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Princess Mary Stuart was born at Linlithgow Place, Linlithgow, Scotland in December 1542 to King James V of Scotland and his French wife Mary of Guise. The week old Mary became Queen of Scotland when her father died at the age of 30. Things were moving rather swiftly for Mary, when just six months old, the Treaties of Greenwich promised Mary to be married to Edward , son of King Henry VIII in 1552 and for their heirs to inherit the Kingdoms of Scotland and England. However, the Treaties of Greenwich fell apart, the agreement did not sit well with the Scots, Henry embarked on what has become known as the ‘rough wooing’ designed to ensure the agreement was met. He began raiding Scottish territories, in May 1544, English forces arrived in the Firth of Forth intent on capturing Edinburgh and kidnapping Mary, however she was secretly hid at Stirling Castle. The French came to the aid of the Scots, the King of France, Henry II, proposed to unite France and Scotland by marrying Mary to his three year old son, the Dauphin Francis. With her marriage agreement settled, the five year old Mary moved to France in 1548 to the French court. In 1558 she married the Dauphin Francis with him assuming the title King consort of Scots. When Henry II died in 1559, Mary, Queen of Scots, became Queen consort of France, her husband becoming Francis II of France. Mary was next in line to the English throne after her father’s cousin Queen Elizabeth I who was childless.

When Mary’s husband, Francois died in 1560, France decided to withdraw their troops from Scotland and recognise Elizabeth as Queen of England, Mary refused to ratify this agreement. She returned to Scotland in 1561 but she tolerated the Protestant ascendancy. In 1565, Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. Elizabeth felt threatened by the match as both were claimants to the English throne, both being direct descendants of Margaret Tudor, the elder sister of Henry VIII. Following the birth of their son James in 1566, a plot was hatched to remove Darnley and he was duly assassinated in February 1567. In April, 1567, Mary was abducted and raped by James Hepburn, Fourth Earl of Bothwell, they were married the following month according to Protestant rites. The Scottish nobility turned against Mary, she was incarcerated and forced to abdicate the Scottish throne in favour of her one year old son James. Mary escaped in 1568 and raised a small army but she was defeated at the Battle of Langside and fled to England, where she was immediately imprisoned and remained so for the ensuing eighteen years. In 1586, Mary was tried for treason over her alleged involvement in the Babington Plot to kill Elizabeth. She was found guilty and beheaded . She is interred along with Elizabeth in Westminster Abbey. Mary’s son James married Anne of Denmark in 1589, they had many children but only three survived – Charles I of England; Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia and Frederick, Prince of Wales. Her grand-children included Charles II of England and James II of England.

Russell Shortt is a travel consultant with Exploring Ireland, the leading specialists in customised, private escorted tours, escorted coach tours and independent self drive tours of Ireland. Article source: http://www.exploringireland.net

Medical Malpractice in Queens Fluctuates as Economic Crisis Sets in

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Everyone is worried what is going to happen on account of the current economic crisis. Now that the shock of it all has settled down, people are trying to determine what the short and long term effects are going to be. In order for people to be confident in any sort of investment, banks are trying to ensure people that their money is safe despite the crisis. People are not only worried about their daily budget, but also about medical insurance and other types of regulatory measures that affects the everyday family life. People are very in tune with the current election, because healthcare is a big issue. The two candidates proposals on healthcare are quite different, therefore people are going to base their current healthcare program on the proposals of their desired candidate. The fact of the matter is that medical malpractice is what is driving the hike in medical insurance costs. Medical malpractice in Queens has seen a lot of variation in the number of cases of medical malpractice that has stemmed from the area. So whoever learns the election is going to have a big impact on the price people are going to pay for healthcare.

Medical malpractice Queens is a very serious issue that has some people so scared to receive medical care, which people are tending to opt out entirely. Not being able to receive quality medical care at a decent price is something of big concern in the United States. Other countries like Canada where healthcare is provided for all has a better standard of living because people are not worried about how they are going to pay for medical insurance. Elderly people and young adults are the most apt to not having medical insurance because it can tend to be very costly and out of touch with their current needs. In order to instill some quality of care in our medical institutions, affordable healthcare must be present in our nation. Instances of medical malpractice in Queens stem from medical professionals paying the duty of care needed to sufficiently take care of their patients. This is a very big problem that is currently being addressed as the 2008 November election comes closer. In order to reduce the amount of medical malpractice in Queens, we need both affordable healthcare and quality medical professionals to make this epidemic subside. In order to get these two things accomplished we need a change in our government that is hopefully going to come from the new president starting in 2009.

If you or a loved one has been directly affected by an occurrence of medical malpractice in Queens, contact a lawyer as soon as possible. A medical malpractice Queens’ lawyer will be able to stand up for you in a court of law and get you started on your path to justice. Medical malpractice settlements commonly cover medical expenses, loss of wages, as well as for pain and suffering.


Paul Justice gives advice to clients who are looking for attorneys to handle injury related cases such as medical malpractice, automobile accidents. To know more about medical malpractice NY, malpractice lawyer and medical malpractice Queens visit http://www.nbrlawfirm.com